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  1. Michael Harrop

    FMT Assessing healthcare workers as potential stool donors for faecal microbiota transplantation: a cross-sectional study of antimicrobial-resistant gut bacteria and enteropathogenic microorganisms (Sep 2025, n=106) "supports the inclusion of HCWs as potential stool donors for FMT"

    https://www.journalofhospitalinfection.com/article/S0195-6701(25)00277-4/abstract Previous guidelines have recommended against using healthcare workers as donors. This study indicates otherwise.
  2. Michael Harrop

    FMT Efficacy of encapsulated fecal microbiota transplantation and FMT via rectal enema for irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (CAP-ENEMA FMT Trial) (Sep 2025, n=45) "Higher clinical response and quality of life in both FMT groups than placebo"

    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1648944/full Standard/poor donor quality.
  3. Michael Harrop

    FMT Repeated faecal microbiota transplantation for individuals with type 1 diabetes and gastroenteropathy (Sep 2025, n=17) "Participant satisfaction was high, with 86% reporting considerable benefits"

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-025-06544-x
  4. Michael Harrop

    FMT Gut microbiota characteristics and therapeutic effects of fecal microbiota transplantation in children with autism spectrum disorder in central China: a combined cross-sectional and prospective study (Sep 2025, n=25) "significant improvements to core ASD symptoms and GI comorbidities"

    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1648471/full I don't see how many donors were used. It's good that they age-matched.
  5. Michael Harrop

    Other Non-antibiotic medications leave lasting mark on gut microbiome, even years after use (Sep 2025) A hidden confounder for microbiome studies: medications used years before sample collection

    https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-medications-gut-microbiome-years.html https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00541-25
  6. Michael Harrop

    Causation Gut microbial production of imidazole propionate drives Parkinson’s pathologies (Sep 2025)

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-63473-4
  7. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal Microbiota Transplantation by Rectal Enema Improves Short-Term Insulin Resistance in Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (May 2025, n=18)

    https://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes25014
  8. Michael Harrop

    Early development Establishment of the early gut microbiota in vaginally delivered infants: the influence of maternal gut microbiota outweighs vaginal microbiota (Aug 2025, 26 mother-infant pairs)

    https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01775-25
  9. Michael Harrop

    Article Studies deliver new blow to cancer microbiome literature—and offer a way forward. Two analyses of microbial DNA in tumor samples aim to put controversy-riddled field back on track (Sep 2025, Micronoma)

    https://www.science.org/content/article/studies-deliver-new-blow-cancer-microbiome-literature-and-offer-way-forward I'm posting this because Rob Knight is a major figure in the microbiome world. Martin J. Blaser, M.D. was on their scientific advisory board...
  10. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal microbiota transplantation improves bile acid malabsorption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results of microbiota and metabolites from two cohort studies (Sept 2025)

    https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-025-04353-y I think n=106, but they're using the word "pairs" confusingly. I don't think they gave the 24 healthy controls FMT. Donors: Doesn't say how many donors were used. Results:
  11. Michael Harrop

    Antibiotics Cecal microbiome transplantation without antibiotic preconditioning standardizes murine microbiomes (Aug 2025) "We find that antibiotic preconditioning reduces efficiency for uptake of CMT-specific strains. Antibiotics introduce uncontrolled variance in the resulting microbiome composition"

    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1632210/full Another piece of evidence opposing antibiotics prior to FMT.
  12. Michael Harrop

    FMT Obese teens given healthy gut bacteria show lasting drop in diabetes risk (Aug 2025, n=55) Long-term health outcomes in adolescents with obesity treated with faecal microbiota transplantation: 4-year follow-up

    https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-obese-teens-healthy-gut-bacteria.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62752-4 New Zealand group. This is a follow-up to their "gut bugs" study...
  13. Michael Harrop

    Causation Effects of gut microbiota on cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization and case–control study (Aug 2025) "Our study revealed a significant causal impact of five GM genera, 10 metabolites, two metabolite ratios, and 22 immune cells"

    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1620449/full
  14. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis: A Clinical Trial (Aug 2025, n=19) "significant reduction in hepatic encephalopathy severity"

    https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/17/5981 Donors:
  15. Michael Harrop

    FMT Colonoscopic fecal microbiota transplantation for Mild-to-Moderate Parkinson’s Disease: A randomized controlled trial (Aug 2025, n=30) "alleviates motor and non-motor symptoms"

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159125003216 Donor:
  16. Michael Harrop

    FMT Improved survival in advanced melanoma patients treated with fecal microbiota transplantation using healthy donor stool in combination with anti-PD1: final results of the MIMic phase 1 trial (Aug 2025, n=20)

    https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/8/e012659
  17. Michael Harrop

    FMT Consecutive fecal microbiota transplantation for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized controlled trial (Aug 2025, n=20) "FMT did not significantly affect hepatic steatosis, glucose tolerance, liver biochemistry, or gut microbiota signatures"

    https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19490976.2025.2541035#abstract Donors: More evidence that the stool bank model and the standard donor criteria are non-viable. Zero results for "symptoms" or "adverse events". So it doesn't appear that they were tracked at all. It's incredible...
  18. Michael Harrop

    Causation Newly discovered gut bacteria proteins influence hormones, metabolism and bone density (Jul 2025, mice) Polypeptides synthesized by common bacteria in the human gut improve rodent metabolism

    https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-newly-gut-bacteria-proteins-hormones.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02064-x
  19. Michael Harrop

    Aging Identification of gut microbiota causally associated with aging and longevity and mediation roles of the cerebrospinal fluid proteins: proteomic genetic evidence from Mendelian randomization (Jul 2025)

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-025-01794-4
  20. Michael Harrop

    Other Previously undetectable biomarkers in gut microbiome may predict 'invisible' chronic fatigue syndrome, long COVID (Jul 2025, n=249) AI-driven multi-omics modeling of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

    https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-previously-undetectable-biomarkers-gut-microbiome.html#google_vignette https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03788-3
  21. Michael Harrop

    Antibiotics Influence of perinatal antibiotic on neonatal gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study (Jul 2025, n=182) "perinatal antibiotic exposure is associated with significant changes in the neonatal gut microbiota, potentially increasing the pathogenic microbiota"

    https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-025-05907-y
  22. Michael Harrop

    Probiotics Probiotics Can Help or Hinder Gut Recovery After Antibiotic Treatment (Jul 2025, mice) Differential modulation of post-antibiotic colonization resistance to Clostridioides difficile by two probiotic Lactobacillus strains

    https://news.ncsu.edu/2025/07/probiotics-can-help-or-hinder-gut-recovery-after-antibiotic-treatment/ https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.01468-25
  23. Michael Harrop

    Other Microbiome disruption by common drugs raises new safety concerns. Nearly 1/3 of the tested non-antibiotic drugs disrupt gut microbiota, weakening natural defenses and promoting harmful bacteria like Salmonella (Jul 2025, mice) Non-antibiotics disrupt colonization resistance against enteropathogens

    https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/content/news-do/microbiome-disruption-common-drugs-raises-new-safety-concerns https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09217-2 There have been a number of similar studies: https://humanmicrobiome.info/intro/#drugs-impacts-on-the-gut-microbiome
  24. Michael Harrop

    FMT Faecal microbiota transplant in Parkinson’s disease: pilot study to establish safety & tolerability (Jul 2025, n=12, enema over 6 mo, Biomebank) No significant motor symptom changes. No sustained improvement in non-motor symptoms.

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41531-025-01061-5 Australian group that used the TGA-approved, GMP stool bank. More evidence that GMP stool banks are not valid approaches to FMT.
  25. Michael Harrop

    Testing Blood Test Spots Early Cancer with 95% accuracy Using Gut Bacteria RNA (Jul 2025) Modifications of microbiome-derived cell-free RNA in plasma discriminates colorectal cancer samples

    https://scienceblog.com/blood-test-spots-early-cancer-using-gut-bacteria-rna/ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-025-02731-8
  26. Michael Harrop

    Review Weedkiller ingredient banned in the UK, EU, China, but widely used in US can damage organs and gut bacteria (May 2025, review) Effect of Diquat on gut health: molecular mechanisms, toxic effects, and protective strategies

    https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jul/06/weedkiller-diquat-organ-damage-study https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1562182/full
  27. Michael Harrop

    FMT Gut Microbiome rewiring via fecal transplants: Uncovering therapeutic avenues in Alzheimer’s disease models (Jul 2025, mice) FMT from AD to healthy mice induced profound memory impairment and cognitive deficits. FMT from healthy mice yielded remarkable behavioral improvements

    https://bmcneurosci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12868-025-00953-9
  28. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections: a proof-of-concept study (Jul 2025, n=22) 68.1% reduction in urinary infectious episodes, eradication of fecal colonization of urinary pathogens that were resistant to multiple antibiotics

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10096-025-05202-9 Almost no donor info:
  29. Michael Harrop

    Causation Gut inflammation promotes microbiota-specific CD4 T cell-mediated neuroinflammation (Jun 2025, mice) Gut microbiota-specific T cells induce neuroinflammation through molecular mimicry

    Study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09120-w Commentary: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-025-01201-1
  30. Michael Harrop

    Early development U.S. Babies Are Missing a Key Gut Microbe, Fueling Allergy Risk (Jun 2025, n=412) Bifidobacterium deficit in United States infants drives prevalent gut dysbiosis

    https://gizmodo.com/study-says-u-s-babies-are-missing-a-key-gut-microbe-fueling-allergy-risk-2000619622 https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-08274-7
  31. Michael Harrop

    Other 'Microbial Noah's Ark' ramps up to save Earth's invisible life forms (Jun 2025) The microbiota vault initiative: safeguarding Earth’s microbial heritage for future generations

    https://phys.org/news/2025-06-microbial-noah-ark-ramps-earth.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-61008-5 It's a follow-up to this: Preserving microbial diversity (Oct 2018)
  32. Michael Harrop

    FMT Preliminary Results From a Multicenter, Randomized Trial Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Induce Remission in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Crohn's Disease (Jun 2025, n=34) Terminated early due to futility.

    https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2025/06000/preliminary_results_from_a_multicenter,_randomized.24.aspx The usual poor donor criteria. Sometimes low-quality donors turn out worse than other times.
  33. Michael Harrop

    Causation Causal link between gut microbiota and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (Mar 2025)

    https://www.psypost.org/gut-bacteria-may-play-a-causal-role-in-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-study-suggests/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032725003167
  34. Michael Harrop

    Aging Causal Analysis Between Gut Microbes, Aging Indicator, and Age-Related Disease, Involving the Discovery and Validation of Biomarkers (Apr 2025) "Gut microbiota a potential risk factor for 14 age-related diseases. Exhibit biomarker properties for disease prediction"

    https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2025/06/evidence-of-causation-in-human-data-on-the-gut-microbiome-and-age-related-conditions/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acel.70057
  35. Michael Harrop

    FMT Microbiota Therapeutics Program (MTP) at the University of Minnesota (Jun 2025, UMN) Donor-centric administration of the stool donor program is vital to its feasibility and patient safety

    https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19490976.2025.2508950 UMN GMP stool bank provides insights from their and other companies' experiences. UMN appears to have some of the worst donors that exist anywhere. Interestingly, they mention relevant info about the donor recruitment, payment...
  36. Michael Harrop

    Other H. Pylori bacteria that causes stomach ulcers may protect the brain from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (Jun 2025) Helicobacter pylori CagA protein is a potent and broad-spectrum amyloid inhibitor

    https://theconversation.com/alzheimers-bacteria-that-cause-stomach-ulcers-may-protect-the-brain-our-new-research-indicates-259018 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ads7525
  37. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Versus Vancomycin for Primary Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Jun 2025, n=104) "Clinical cure with no recurrence seen in 67% for FMT vs 61% for vancomycin. Up to 78% for FMT with additional treatment"

    https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/ANNALS-24-03285 This is a unique study because usually FMT is only given after antibiotics fail.
  38. Michael Harrop

    Article Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson reveals surprising health battle and how he fought back (Jun 2025) "digestive issues linked to prior courses of antibiotics"

    https://archive.ph/MoK5H https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1321180-dwayne-johnson-reveals-shocking-battle-with-years-of-health-problems Interesting article with some important info and some pseudoscience. The first part is alarmingly common, and a major root cause of the chronic disease...
  39. Michael Harrop

    FMT The efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of sarcopenia: a retrospective study (Jun 2025, n=172). Partial remission 55%, complete remission 32% for resistance training group, and 67% partial, 45% complete for FMT+resistance group

    https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-025-06557-5
  40. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection Following Fecal Microbiota Spores Compared to Fecal Microbiota Transplant (May 2025, n=130) Patients receiving VOUST's fecal microbiota spores live-brpk were more likely to develop severe disease, called fulminant C. diff infection

    https://www.newswise.com/articles/new-treatment-for-c-diff-infection-may-be-less-effective-than-traditional-therapy-study-finds/ https://www.cghjournal.org/article/S1542-3565(25)00420-3/abstract Closed access.
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