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  1. Michael Harrop

    FMT Faecal microbiota transplant in Parkinson’s disease: pilot study to establish safety & tolerability (Jul 2025, n=12, enema over 6 mo, Biomebank) No significant motor symptom changes. No sustained improvement in non-motor symptoms.

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41531-025-01061-5 Australian group that used the TGA-approved, GMP stool bank. More evidence that GMP stool banks are not valid approaches to FMT.
  2. Michael Harrop

    Testing Blood Test Spots Early Cancer with 95% accuracy Using Gut Bacteria RNA (Jul 2025) Modifications of microbiome-derived cell-free RNA in plasma discriminates colorectal cancer samples

    https://scienceblog.com/blood-test-spots-early-cancer-using-gut-bacteria-rna/ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-025-02731-8
  3. Michael Harrop

    Review Weedkiller ingredient banned in the UK, EU, China, but widely used in US can damage organs and gut bacteria (May 2025, review) Effect of Diquat on gut health: molecular mechanisms, toxic effects, and protective strategies

    https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jul/06/weedkiller-diquat-organ-damage-study https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1562182/full
  4. Michael Harrop

    Article Finch wins US jury trial against Ferring over fecal-transplant patents (Aug 2024, Rebyota)

    As far as I know, the FDA does not allow pooling donors' stool. I haven't been able to find what is in Rebyota. If anyone has a link, I'll take a look.
  5. Michael Harrop

    FMT Gut Microbiome rewiring via fecal transplants: Uncovering therapeutic avenues in Alzheimer’s disease models (Jul 2025, mice) FMT from AD to healthy mice induced profound memory impairment and cognitive deficits. FMT from healthy mice yielded remarkable behavioral improvements

    https://bmcneurosci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12868-025-00953-9
  6. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections: a proof-of-concept study (Jul 2025, n=22) 68.1% reduction in urinary infectious episodes, eradication of fecal colonization of urinary pathogens that were resistant to multiple antibiotics

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10096-025-05202-9 Almost no donor info:
  7. Michael Harrop

    FMT Host origin of microbiota drives functional recovery and Clostridioides difficile clearance in mice (Jun 2025) "human-derived microbiota was less effective in clearing C. difficile compared to a mouse-derived microbiota"

    Discussion with the researchers: Why Fecal Transplants Sometimes Fail: Function, Not Just Colonization, May Hold the Key https://www.contagionlive.com/view/why-fecal-transplants-sometimes-fail-function-not-just-colonization-may-hold-the-key
  8. Michael Harrop

    Causation Gut inflammation promotes microbiota-specific CD4 T cell-mediated neuroinflammation (Jun 2025, mice) Gut microbiota-specific T cells induce neuroinflammation through molecular mimicry

    Study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09120-w Commentary: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-025-01201-1
  9. Michael Harrop

    Early development U.S. Babies Are Missing a Key Gut Microbe, Fueling Allergy Risk (Jun 2025, n=412) Bifidobacterium deficit in United States infants drives prevalent gut dysbiosis

    https://gizmodo.com/study-says-u-s-babies-are-missing-a-key-gut-microbe-fueling-allergy-risk-2000619622 https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-08274-7
  10. Michael Harrop

    Other 'Microbial Noah's Ark' ramps up to save Earth's invisible life forms (Jun 2025) The microbiota vault initiative: safeguarding Earth’s microbial heritage for future generations

    https://phys.org/news/2025-06-microbial-noah-ark-ramps-earth.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-61008-5 It's a follow-up to this: Preserving microbial diversity (Oct 2018)
  11. Michael Harrop

    FMT Preliminary Results From a Multicenter, Randomized Trial Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Induce Remission in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Crohn's Disease (Jun 2025, n=34) Terminated early due to futility.

    I don't think they "suggest" it, but they are working on including euthanasia for mental illness in their current law. I generally support that, but it's off-topic for this thread. There are some Youtube videos where patients give their perspective.
  12. Michael Harrop

    FMT Preliminary Results From a Multicenter, Randomized Trial Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Induce Remission in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Crohn's Disease (Jun 2025, n=34) Terminated early due to futility.

    In the "conflicts of interest" section it says:
  13. Michael Harrop

    FMT Preliminary Results From a Multicenter, Randomized Trial Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Induce Remission in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Crohn's Disease (Jun 2025, n=34) Terminated early due to futility.

    https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2025/06000/preliminary_results_from_a_multicenter,_randomized.24.aspx The usual poor donor criteria. Sometimes low-quality donors turn out worse than other times.
  14. Michael Harrop

    Causation Causal link between gut microbiota and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (Mar 2025)

    https://www.psypost.org/gut-bacteria-may-play-a-causal-role-in-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-study-suggests/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032725003167
  15. Michael Harrop

    FMT Microbiota Therapeutics Program (MTP) at the University of Minnesota (Jun 2025, UMN) Donor-centric administration of the stool donor program is vital to its feasibility and patient safety

    Do you have a really bad memory? We've discussed this before, and I've repeatedly written about it on the blog and forum. Your query should also be obviously erroneous to most people, so perhaps your memory is not the issue. 1. None of my donors have ever failed a test. Testing them once is not...
  16. Michael Harrop

    Aging Causal Analysis Between Gut Microbes, Aging Indicator, and Age-Related Disease, Involving the Discovery and Validation of Biomarkers (Apr 2025) "Gut microbiota a potential risk factor for 14 age-related diseases. Exhibit biomarker properties for disease prediction"

    https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2025/06/evidence-of-causation-in-human-data-on-the-gut-microbiome-and-age-related-conditions/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acel.70057
  17. Michael Harrop

    FMT Microbiota Therapeutics Program (MTP) at the University of Minnesota (Jun 2025, UMN) Donor-centric administration of the stool donor program is vital to its feasibility and patient safety

    https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19490976.2025.2508950 UMN GMP stool bank provides insights from their and other companies' experiences. UMN appears to have some of the worst donors that exist anywhere. Interestingly, they mention relevant info about the donor recruitment, payment...
  18. Michael Harrop

    Other H. Pylori bacteria that causes stomach ulcers may protect the brain from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (Jun 2025) Helicobacter pylori CagA protein is a potent and broad-spectrum amyloid inhibitor

    https://theconversation.com/alzheimers-bacteria-that-cause-stomach-ulcers-may-protect-the-brain-our-new-research-indicates-259018 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ads7525
  19. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Versus Vancomycin for Primary Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Jun 2025, n=104) "Clinical cure with no recurrence seen in 67% for FMT vs 61% for vancomycin. Up to 78% for FMT with additional treatment"

    https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/ANNALS-24-03285 This is a unique study because usually FMT is only given after antibiotics fail.
  20. Michael Harrop

    Article Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson reveals surprising health battle and how he fought back (Jun 2025) "digestive issues linked to prior courses of antibiotics"

    https://archive.ph/MoK5H https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1321180-dwayne-johnson-reveals-shocking-battle-with-years-of-health-problems Interesting article with some important info and some pseudoscience. The first part is alarmingly common, and a major root cause of the chronic disease...
  21. Michael Harrop

    Blog The FDA and FMT regulation, part 2. (Jul 2024, HumanMicrobes.org) I met with the FDA. Here's what I shared with them, and their response.

    Thanks for the info. A few thoughts: I have contacted dozens of similar people. They do not respond. My health is not good enough to go on podcasts. A person with his reputation is unlikely to do something risky like bring on someone like me (a patient with no formal education, who has been...
  22. Michael Harrop

    FMT The efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of sarcopenia: a retrospective study (Jun 2025, n=172). Partial remission 55%, complete remission 32% for resistance training group, and 67% partial, 45% complete for FMT+resistance group

    https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-025-06557-5
  23. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection Following Fecal Microbiota Spores Compared to Fecal Microbiota Transplant (May 2025, n=130) Patients receiving VOUST's fecal microbiota spores live-brpk were more likely to develop severe disease, called fulminant C. diff infection

    https://www.newswise.com/articles/new-treatment-for-c-diff-infection-may-be-less-effective-than-traditional-therapy-study-finds/ https://www.cghjournal.org/article/S1542-3565(25)00420-3/abstract Closed access.
  24. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal microbiota transplantation through colonoscopy for the management of severe refractory irritable bowel syndrome: Preliminary results (Jun 2025, n=4) "FMT through colonoscopy showed improvement in pain, bloating, and stool consistency that was maintained during the 6-month follow-up"

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2255534X25000647
  25. Michael Harrop

    Probiotics Effect of perioperative probiotic intervention on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized double- blinded and placebo-controlled trial (Jun 2025, n=190) "incidence of POCD in the probiotic group was significantly lower than in the control group"

    https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-025-06584-2
  26. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal transplants: Study is a 'wake-up call' for the field as researchers identify unintended consequences. (Jun 2025, mice) Microbiome mismatches from microbiota transplants lead to persistent off-target metabolic and immunomodulatory effects

    Haha. I was also going to use stronger language at first :) I definitely agree they are overstating their results, and the authors seem uninformed about the body of evidence contradicting their statements. Agree. Also, my understanding is that there are simply different percentages of...
  27. Michael Harrop

    Causation Causal association between gut microbiota and endometrial cancer in European and East Asian populations: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study (Jun 2025)

    https://bmcwomenshealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12905-025-03789-x
  28. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal transplants: Study is a 'wake-up call' for the field as researchers identify unintended consequences. (Jun 2025, mice) Microbiome mismatches from microbiota transplants lead to persistent off-target metabolic and immunomodulatory effects

    https://www.dw.com/en/fecal-transplants-study-is-a-wake-up-call-for-the-field/a-72817699 https://www.the-independent.com/news/health/fecal-transplants-consequences-research-us-b2765279.html...
  29. Michael Harrop

    FMT Public knowledge, awareness and perception of gut microbiome and faecal microbiota transplantation in Singapore: a survey study (Jun 2025, n=1831) "33% had heard of the gut microbiome, 92% had consumed probiotics, 85% had not heard of FMT, 72% would consider FMT to treat C. diff"

    https://journals.lww.com/smj/fulltext/9900/public_knowledge,_awareness_and_perception_of_gut.196.aspx
  30. Michael Harrop

    Antibiotics Human antibiotics are polluting Earth's rivers, helping bacteria develop the resistance they need to then kill humans (Apr 2025) Antibiotics in the global river system arising from human consumption

    https://www.earth.com/news/earth-rivers-are-highly-saturated-with-human-antibiotics-helping-bacteria-develop-resistance/ https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/4/4/pgaf096/8113371
  31. Michael Harrop

    Oral Causal association between oral microbiota and oral cancer: a mendelian randomization study (Jun 2025) "Our findings suggest that Prevotella and Veillonella were causally linked to OC"

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-05553-5
  32. Michael Harrop

    FMT Host origin of microbiota drives functional recovery and Clostridioides difficile clearance in mice (Jun 2025) "human-derived microbiota was less effective in clearing C. difficile compared to a mouse-derived microbiota"

    https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.01108-25
  33. Michael Harrop

    FMT Donor composition and fiber promote strain engraftment in a randomized controlled trial of fecal microbiota transplant for ulcerative colitis (Jun 2025, n=27) "the effect depends on the specific donor microbiota and not on patient fiber use"

    https://www.cell.com/med/abstract/S2666-6340(25)00134-5
  34. Michael Harrop

    FMT Donor-derived microbial engraftment and gut microbiota shifts associated with weight loss following fecal microbiota transplantation (Jun 2025, n=23) "52% achieved weight loss of more than 5% from baseline. Average weight loss of 8kg/18lbs"

    https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aem.00120-25 Chinese study. 52% achieved weight loss of more than 5% from baseline. Average weight loss of 8kg (18 lbs). Nonresponders lost 3kg. Contrary to some other studies, they found engraftment to correlate with success. Donors: But they couldn't...
  35. Michael Harrop

    Fungi Gut fungi in very-low-birthweight infants modulate oxygen-induced lung damage (Jan 2025) The fungal microbiota modulate neonatal oxygen-induced lung injury

    https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1086041 https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-025-02032-x
  36. Michael Harrop

    Origins The human milk microbiome is minimally associated with breastfeeding practices (Jun 2025, n=56)

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-03907-7
  37. Michael Harrop

    FMT Fecal microbiota transplant is associated with resolution of recurrent urinary tract infection (May 2025) "Of 11 patients who had rUTI in the two years preceding FMT, no patient had rUTI over the 2-year follow-up period after FMT"

    https://www.goldjournal.net/article/S0090-4295(25)00515-1/fulltext
  38. Michael Harrop

    Early development Characteristic gene expression profile of intestinal mucosa early in life promotes bacterial colonization leading to healthy development of the intestinal environment (May 2025, mice) "finding suggests that the host early in life has mechanisms to select microbes appropriate for age"

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-03661-w Given that dysbiosis generally increases with age, to me, it sounds more like the mucosa gets worse at resisting problematic microbes as age increases.
  39. Michael Harrop

    Oral Swapping spit with your spouse may spread anxiety and depression (Apr 2025, 536 couples) Oral Microbiota Transmission Partially Mediates Depression and Anxiety in Newlywed Couples

    https://newatlas.com/mental-health/oral-microbiome-spouse-anxiety-and-depression/ https://www.xiahepublishing.com/2472-0712/ERHM-2025-00013
  40. Michael Harrop

    FMT Bidirectional modulation of Alzheimer’s disease via gut microbiota: rescue by fecal transplantation from healthy donors and aggravation by colitis-associated dysbiosis (May 2025) "neuroinflammation occurred independently of gut barrier disruption, implicating circulating microbial metabolites"

    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1593854/full
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